How to Cite Datasets and Software

Learn how to properly cite datasets, software, and applications in APA format.

Published Datasets

How to cite formally published research datasets with DOIs or accession numbers.

Unpublished Raw Data

Guidelines for citing unpublished or privately held research data.

Computer Software

How to cite software packages, programming languages, and scripts.

Mobile Applications

Citations for mobile apps and app-based tools.

General Guidelines

  • Include version numbers for software and datasets
  • Specify access conditions and permissions
  • Add DOIs or permanent URLs when available
  • Note any registration or subscription requirements
  • Include relevant dates (creation, update, access)

Basic Elements

Author Information

  • Individual authors or development teams
  • Organizations or institutions
  • Multiple contributor roles
  • Anonymous or group authorship

Version Control

  • Software version numbers
  • Dataset updates and revisions
  • Release dates
  • Development status

Access Information

  • Repository locations
  • Download instructions
  • License requirements
  • Usage restrictions

Special Considerations

Data Privacy

  • Confidentiality requirements
  • Data protection measures
  • Access restrictions
  • Ethical considerations

Software Licensing

  • Open source status
  • Commercial restrictions
  • Attribution requirements
  • Distribution limitations

Best Practices

  • Verify data and software authenticity
  • Document version history
  • Track updates and changes
  • Maintain access records
  • Follow repository guidelines