How to Cite Reports and Technical Documents
Learn how to properly cite technical reports, white papers, standards, and other specialized documents.
Technical Reports
How to cite research and development reports from organizations.
White Papers
Guidelines for citing authoritative reports and policy documents.
Industry Standards
How to cite technical standards and specifications.
Technical Manuals
Citations for user guides, documentation, and instruction manuals.
General Guidelines
- Include the issuing organization as author
- Specify report type and number
- Add DOI or URL for online access
- Include version or edition information
- Note any restricted access or confidentiality
Basic Elements
Author/Organization Information
- Individual authors if specified
- Organization name as author
- Department or division details
- Multiple organization handling
Document Identification
- Report or document number
- Series information
- Contract or grant numbers
- Version or revision numbers
Access Information
- Publication or release date
- Repository or database name
- DOI or permanent URL
- Access restrictions if any
Special Cases
Unpublished Reports
- Note unpublished status
- Include institutional affiliation
- Add internal reference numbers
- Specify access permissions
Proprietary Documents
- Note confidentiality level
- Include permission statements
- Add copyright information
- Specify usage restrictions
Best Practices
Documentation
- Keep copies of cited documents
- Record all identifying numbers
- Note access dates for online sources
- Document permission requests
Verification
- Verify document authenticity
- Check for updated versions
- Confirm access permissions
- Validate technical details